Author Archives: scottveirs

Neah Bay hydrophone streaming live

With special thanks for support from the Makah Tribe and coordination by Jon Scordino, there is now underwater sound streaming live from Neah Bay via the Salish Sea hydrophone network. The network is an experiment in human and automated monitoring of underwater sounds within the critical habitat of the endangered southern resident killer whales. The project is coordinated by The Whale Museum and is currently funded by NOAA and WDFW.

Please help us listen to the new and existing hydrophones to determine the presence or absence of killer whales, particularly at night (in the Pacific Northwest) and during foul weather when researchers and whale watchers are unable to locate the whales. You may also hear other interesting underwater sounds. Despite a low-frequency hum that is yet to be resolved, we have already heard many passing vessels and a vocalizing male harbor seal. Recordings of each are archived on the web site under each node.

Communicate

You can collaborate within the Orcasphere in the following ways:

  • Read, contribute to, and comment on the Orcasphere blog
  • Join an email list related to killer whales:
    • subscribe to OrcaEd — A list for educators who teach about orcas (educational resources, events, etc.)
    • subscribe to OrcaSci — A list for scientists who study orcas (research plans, coordination, publications, etc.)
  • Contribute to the Orcapedia (wiki)

As of 12/2011, there are a variety of email-based tools available for sharing information about SRKWs and their recovery. Those available through the orcasphere.net domain are are listed here — http://lists.orcasphere.net/listinfo.cgi

The locate@orcasphere.net email distribution list is used (primarily by hydrophone network members) to share real-time locations of killer whales, mainly when SRKWs are at or approaching a hydrophone node, but also generally. One can request subscription to this list here — http://lists.orcasphere.net/listinfo.cgi/locate-orcasphere.net It is a private, moderated list which — as stated on the sign-up page — “is currently restricted to researchers and stewards who are dedicated to reducing their impacts on the southern resident killer whales and abiding by the Be Whale Wise law if observing orcas on the water. Evidence of increasing impacts or infractions will result in removal from this list.” As of 12/2011, no commercial whale watch operators are members of this list.

The detection@orcasound.net email address is a catch-all, one-way address for the general public to report “hearings” on the orcasound.net streams; it gets a lot of junk mail and unreliable reports and thus is forwarded to folks who want to follow up and interact with those amateur reporters: Chrissy Mclean (Port Townsend Marine Science Center), Jason Wood (Whale Museum Board Member), Scott Veirs (Beam Reach President), Susan Berta (Orca Network), and Val Veirs (Orcasound hydrophone engineer), and Beam Reach student volunteers.

The private email distribution list used to coordinate maintenance of the Salish Sea Hydrophone Network is ateam@lists.orcasphere.net As of 12/2011, its members are: David Howitt, Howard Garrett, Jason Wood, Jenny Atkinson, Jeanne Hyde, Robin Kodner, Lon Brockelhurst, Scott Veirs, Stefan Brager, Susan Berta, and Val Veirs. You can sign up here — http://lists.orcasphere.net/listinfo.cgi/ateam-orcasphere.net

InterACT

Humans value interacting with killer whales. There are many ways to observe them, learn and wonder about them, and ultimately help protect them:

You can even help study the southern resident killer whales by:

J’s near Davidson

48 25.46N 122 45.48W 1519 Moving sporadically toward Davidson Rock. Lots of breeching, and a few spy-hops. The pod was traveling in three groups, all within a mile of each other, alternating between 8-9kt travel and what looked like foraging behavior. 

Considerable noise from the sea state, and occasionally I forget to turn off the depth-sounder…

Listen here (1.2MB) and here (0.6MB)

Super-pod at Battleship

Lat: 48 37.69N; Lon: 123 13.26W 1248 Making about 7kts toward Kellet Bluff.

One of the frustrations of a sensitive hydrophone is that any abrasion of the cable against the hull of the boat results in quite a bit of noise. You can hear some of that in the last third of the recording, below. I’m crafting a fleece-padded outrigger in an attempt to mitigate this.

Listen here (1.1MB)

J & L in Rosario Strait

J’s and L’s between Williamson Rock and Lawson Reef, southbound around 1600, July 7. This is the most active part of the recording, with some strong echolocation clicks and whistles. The predominant noise (low-rev “clanking”) is from a tanker in the shipping lanes, about 3 miles away. 

Listen here (1.4MB)

SRKW call frequency response to boat noise?

The field season is rolling, with all three southern resident killer whale pods “in the area,” and whale watchers packing all of our favorite boats. I’ve been hanging out with these animals for five years now, and for the first time I’m trying my hand at research. Here is the full text of my research proposal. Keep in mind, this is undergraduate work…don’t expect doctoral quality stuff here. ;-)

 

The quick and dirty: If the SRKWs calls are being masked by boat (or other) noise, they have three avenues to increase their ability to be heard. They could increase the duration of their calls (Foote, 2004), increase the amplitude of their calls(Scheifele, et al, 2005), or “shift” (using the term loosely) the frequency of their calls. Thomas (1999) showed that antarctic killer whales avoid competition for acoustic space by shifting the bulk of their calls to frequency bands outside of those used by leopard seals. Could SRKWs be responding the same way to boat noise? Hopefully we’ll find out.

Joe Olson at Cetacean Research Technology hooked me up with a calibrated C54XRS flat-response hydrophone that runs through a 20Hz high-pass filter to a FR-2LE field recorder (96kHz sample rate). I’ll be analyzing the calls using RAVEN, once my advisor hooks me up with a PC laptop. 

All of my recordings will be made from aboard M/V Glacier Spirit and M/V Olympus of Puget Sound Express

$8B salmon recovery failure

This 60-Minutes story makes it clear that removal of the four lower Snake River dams makes fiscal sense to the American tax-payer.  As an oceanographer, however, I’m intrigued with how little seems to be known about how the salmon fare in the ocean.  Along with the dams, land-use, and pollution, the other major potential impacts on salmon survival are marine: fishing and other oceanic variability.

A comment on the story caught my attention, for it suggested comparing run dynamics on dam-free rivers as a way to assess the importance of the marine impacts.  Now I wish such a comparison was readily available to me…  I’ll start searching!  Holler if you know of one.

Another approach would be to juxtapose the Snake River returns with some independent measures of oceanic conditions that prevailed when the returning fish inhabited the ocean.  Station Papa in the mid-northeast-pacific would be a good place to start.  More-coastal buoys and transects could ensure that spatial heterogeneity isn’t an issue.  Of course, this begs the question of where Columbia basin salmon go in the sea.  With that pinned down we could attempt population assessments in situ (hydroacoustic surveys?) to assess mortality along migration pathways, and finally overlay commercial catch data and geography to see if harvest matters for particular salmonids.

Spring 2008 Beam Reach research online

The first spring Beam Reach program ended 10 days ago.  Student research projects are documented at the spring 2008 class home page.  Proposals and final papers are available as of today.  Presentations will be posted in the next week or so as PPT files and/or videos.

New NW salmon recovery plans

Lisa Stiffler’s blog calls out 3 new plans and a new study released Monday May 6, 2008 — http://blog.seattlepi.nwsource.com/environment/archives/138288.asp